..................... Present Perfect Tense AND It's Usage.................................Present Perfect Tense...............We form the present perfect tense by placing "has" or "have" in front of the past participle of the verb.Examples:"The manager HAS ARRANGED a telephone conference.""We HAVE ACCEPTED his invitation to the conference."We use the present perfect tense in two ways: 1)> in continuing action and 2)1). .......Continuing Action.......Use the present perfect tense to show action that has started in the past and is continuing into the present time or has finished at the present time.Example:"I have lived in Jonesville for the past 15 years."For 15 years, I have lived in Jonesville. I still live in Jonesville. There is no reason to believe I will not continue living in Jonesville. So, since the action of living started in the past and is continuing into the present time and maybe into the future, we use the present perfect tense "have lived."2). ....Historical/Research Literature......Suppose we want to include two researched actions in the same sentence. How do we show that one action happened before the other action? Here's an example of this problem.Problem:You are writing a critique of Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. You are fascinated by Capulet's immortal "Thank me no thankings, nor, proud me no prouds," and you wish to elaborate the circumstances under which the words were spoken. You have two actions, the antecedent action by Juliet and the subsequent action by Capulet, that must be addressed.Use the present perfect tense for the antecedent action and the present tense for the subsequent action (the action nearer to us in time). We write"After Juliet HAS SAID that she can never be proud of what she hates but is thankful even for hate, Capulet REPLIES, "Thank me no thankings, nor, proud me no prouds."Note: The present perfect tense need not come first in the sentence. We could just as easily have writtenCapulet REPLIES, "Thank me no thankings, nor, proud me no prouds" after Juliet HAS SAID that she can never be proud of what she hates but is thankful even for hate...................END...............I Hope you like it.have a good day a, take care and "HAPPY STUDIES"
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