Voiceless and Voiced Consonants

Consonant Sounds /θ/ and  /ð/

 

[ Click on the image to see it on a large scale! ]
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Click  HERE  to  check .where the  tip of the tongue  is placed  for the  consonant  pair  /t/ ... /d/ and compare with that of the above pair /θ/ ... /ð/. .It is very important to know the difference in the  position.of the tip.of the tongue  between  these  two  pairs of consonants  if  you  really  want your /θ/ and /ð/ sound right! 
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-{ Click ' HERE ' for the transcript of my voice }-
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Step 1: Watch the videos - VERY IMPORTANT             
             (I've given the transcript for an easy grasp of the speech.)
             First,  while  you are  watching a video,  make the consonant sound  and  pronounce
             the words as instructed by Alex.
             Second, play the video again but this time look at the transcript while listening to Alex.

             Again, don't forget to make the consonant sound and pronounce the words.

 

Voiceless Consonant /θ/

(Video 1 - Watch in 'Full Screen')
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This is a voiceless consonant. It's pronounced /θ/
Now,  did you notice that I made the sound by sticking my tongue out just a little bit  /θ/ and
blowing air between my tongue and my top teeth? /θ/
Now, you try. Watch and listen. /θ/ ...again /θ/
   
You  can  hear  the  sound /θ/ at .the  beginning .of .the words ‘thin’ /θɪn/, 'throw' /θrəʊ/ and 'thumb' /θʌm/;
In the middle of the words ‘author’ /ˈɔːθə/ and 'healthy' /ˈhelθi/;
And, at the end of the words ‘birth’ /ːθ/ and 'path' /ːθ/.
 

Now, you try. Listen and repeat after me.

            thin        /θɪn/
            throw     /θrəʊ/
            thumb    /θʌm/
            author    /ˈɔːθə/
            healthy  ./ˈhelθi/
            birth      ../ːθ/

            path      ../ːθ/

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Voiced Consonant /ð/

(Video 2 - Watch in 'Full Screen')
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This is a voiced consonant. It's pronounced /ð/.
Now, did you notice how my tongue sticks out just a little bit as I say, watch /ð/? The sound comes
from between my tongue and my top teeth. /ð/  
Now, you try. Watch, listen and repeat. /ð/ ...again /ð/.
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You can hear the sound /ð/ at  the beginning of the words ‘then’ /ðen/, 'this' /ðɪs/, 'there' /ð/ and 'that' /ðæt/;
In the middle of the word ‘other’ /ˈʌðə/;
And, at the end of the word ‘smooth’ /smuːð/.
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Now, you try. Listen and repeat after me.

            then      ./ðen/
            this      .../ðɪs/
            there     ./ð/
            that        /ðæt/
            other      /ˈʌðə/
            smooth ../smuːð/
 

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SUPPLEMENTARY VIDEO

(Video 3 - Watch in 'Full Screen')

 

Practise  the voiceless  consonant  /θ/ and voiced  consononat  /ð/ in isolation,  words,  sentences

and paragraph with Dave Sconda. 

Voiceless /θ/ at the beginning of the words: thank you ... think ... thought
                      in the middle of the words:      something ... nothing ... healthy

                      at the end of the words:           math ... mouth ... both

                      used in sentences:  I will eat anything healthy with my teeth.
                                                     Thank you for driving back and forth this month.

                                                   .   .I think Beth is travelling north on the path.

Voiced   / ð/  at the beginning of the words:  there ... that ... the
                     in the middle of the words:        brother ... either ... other

                     at the end of the words:             smooth ... breathe

                     used in sentences: That mother can't breathe.

                                                    I rather like this weather.

Voiceless /θ/ and voiced /ð/ used in a paragraph:

Pronunciation is rather fun! If you try another technique, think about the person you are talking with. Although you are pretending this method will make your speaking more smoothThat's all for now!         

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Step 2: Do this activity - VERY IMPORTANT
      (a) . Click on the image below for the animation of the speech organs. Watch the tip of the
             tongue when the voiceless consonant  /θ/ and voiced consonant /ð/ are articulated.
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               Follow  these  steps if you are not  sure where to start  from:  (refer to the numbers)

            1. Click the tab 'fricative' to make the nine phonetic symbols appear first.
            2. Click the phonetic symbol of the voiceless  consonant  /θ/ and you'll see the rest.
            3. Click the 'play'  button  to  watch  the  animation of the  voiceless  consonant /θ/
            4. Click the 'radio button' and 'play' button again to watch the articulation in steps.
            5. Click the right 'play' button for the front view of the mouth when /θ/ is articulated.
            6. Click the 'speaker  icon'  to listen  to  the  voiceless  consonant  used  in  words.
            7. Follow steps 1 - 6 to listen to the voiced consonant /ð/
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Step 3: Your Audio Assignment - COMPULSORY
             Record .the following as per the instructions given and embed your recorded audio in the
             comment box below.
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   1.      .Say the phonemes the number of times they appear.
              (Make sure that the  tip of your tongue sticks out of your mouth  a little for both  the consonant
              sounds,  /θ/ and /ð/)
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             Voiceless consonant  /θ/  /θ/  /θ/  /θ/  /θ/     ............ say slowly

             * Now, speed up as you move from one /θ to the other and end with the word thick

             Voiced consonant     /ð/  /ð/  /ð/   /ð/  /ð/      ............ say slowly

             * Now, speed up as you move from one  /ð to the other and end with the word that 

             * You can skip these from recording if you feel shy to do. But, if you ask me, it’s worth trying!

 

D2.       Read the list of words in pairs.

            .a) Minimal pairs: voiceless /t/ and voiceless /θ/

             tree        ./triː/          ..three         /θriː/
             taught     /tɔːt/          .thought    ../θɔːt/
             teary      ./ˈtɪəri/       ..theory      ../ˈθɪəri/
             fateful    ../ˈfeɪtfl/      ..faithful      ./ˈfeɪθfl/
             nutting   ../ˈnʌtɪŋ/     ..nothing    ../ˈnʌθɪŋ/
             rootless  ./ˈruːtləs/   ..ruthless    ./ˈruːθləs/
             part        ../ːt/         .path        .../ːθ/
             dirt          ./ːt/          dearth       /ːθ/

             sheet       /ʃiːt/            sheath     ../ʃiːθ/

             b) Minimal pairs: voiced /d/ and voiced /ð/

             day          /d/         ..they         ../ð/
             doze        /dəʊz/       ..those      .../ðəʊz/
             dense    ../dens/       ..thence     ../ðens/
             udder      ./ˈʌdə/         other        ./ˈʌðə/
             sudden    /ˈsʌdn/      ..southern   /ˈsʌðən/
             breeding  /ˈbriːdɪŋ/   ..breathing  /ˈbriːðɪŋ/
             load        ../ləʊd/        ..loathe       /ləʊð/
             bade        /beɪd/         bathe        /beɪð/

             side         ./saɪd/         scythe      ./saɪð/

D3.       Read the sentence twice! (Focus on the consonants /θ/ and /ð/

            .There those thousand thinkers were thinking how did the other three thieves go through.
 

D4. (A) Read the short paragraph once! (Focus on the consonants /θ/ and /ð/

            .Something in a thirty-acre thermal thicket of thorns and thistles .thumped and thundered
            .threatening the three-D thoughts of Matthew the thug - although, .theatrically, it was only
            .the thirteen-thousand  thistles and thorns  through  the .underneath of his thigh  that  the

            .thirty year old thug thought of that morning.

D5. (A) Read the tongue-twister fast three times in a row! (Focus on the consonants /θ/ and /ð/) 

             They think that their teeth get thinner at times they want to taste thick meat.

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SAMPLE AUDIO ASSIGNMENT

 
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TTS ... Text-To-Speech Widget
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This tool could turn your Text into Speech! Don’t you believe me? Ok!
Simply type or Paste these lines into the box and click 'Play'.
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(Maximum about 130 characters)
Female voice: Lucy ... British Pronunciation  

 You could check my blog for other TTS Widgets with many options!
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This Study Session is moderated by G & G:  Gabriel | Galina

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" An education isn't how much you have committed to memory,
or even how much you know.
It's being able to differentiate between what you do know and what you don't. "
~ Anatole France ~
..
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~* GS *~
 September, 6th. 2012
 
 Study Session 6                                                                                     Study Session 8 
 
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Comments

  • Hello bro,thankyouA.gif

    Here is my late recording for this session, Sorry. I know, my thanks are not enough for you. As you know, I mentioned in earlier session that /θ/ & /ð/ are two sounds which I have problem to distinguish. But, now after going through this study session, I think I could find the difference between the sounds /θ/ & /ð/, isn't it ?

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    dCZnPTEmbz*zMmFlNDEzNDc3Mj%3Cp%3EY*NjkwODUzZWMzMDU2NGE*ZTE1ZiZvZj*w.gif

  • Hi, Asma! 

    2385420585?profile=originalYou deserve respect and applause from me and your fellow learners for being persistent in achieving your objective, i.e. proper pronunciation. You work very hard, something really satisfying on my part. Well done! 

    Now, did you listen to your “Vocaroo” for this study session after the embedding?  Because, forgive me to say, I could only hear a droning noise which overpowers your own voice. I noticed similar problem with your audio assignment for SS 7 but it wasn’t that bad! Regrettably, this time your voice is barely audible over the noise. Is it possible for you to use “Audiboo”? Why don’t you give it a try? If you are not familiar with Audioboo, you can read my blog “Make your voice heard” and learn how to use it. 

    Fortunately for me, I managed to pick your words vaguely (for the first 50 seconds or so) by turning up the volume to the maximum. I observed that… 

    1. You pronounced the voiceless consonant /θ/ like /s/. Therefore, you said ‘sick’ instead of  ‘thick’. 

    2. Your voiced consonant /ð/ sounds more like /z/. Hence, the word ‘that /ðæt/ is turned into /zæt/. 

    Asma, don’t be upset or give up hope after reading my comment. This study programme is about teaching and helping EC learners to overcome the problem they face with certain phonemes of the English speech. So, please don’t blame yourself if you couldn’t make some sounds when they are introduced here. Perhaps you don’t have such sounds in your first language. I hope I made myself understood ;-) 

    Here are two things that I want you to do: 

    1. Watch the above “supplementary video”. See how Dave Sconda puts his tongue out when every time he uses the /θ/ and /ð/ consonant sounds, either in isolation or words.

    2. Copy the minimal pairs in group in the comment box below and paste them onto the above TTS widget. Then, click the ‘play’ button and listen to the difference in pronunciation between the words in each pair. 

    If you still find it difficult to differentiate the /θ/ from /s/ and /ð/ from /z/, don’t worry about them for now! Because, in Study Session 8 I’m going to introduce the voiceless /s/ and voiced /z/, then you should be able to make a clear sound of these two pairs. However, you can record the assignment again if you managed to learn to pronounce the consonants /θ/ and /ð/ after watching the supplementary video. Good luck!

    Regards,

    ~* GS *~     

  • @ Asma

    sin. - thin.
    sum. - thumb.
    sank. - thank.
    sink. - think.
    sort. - thought.
    mass. - math.
    mouse. - mouth.
    pass. - path.
    force. - forth.
    breeze. - breathe.
    size. - scythe.
    lies. - lithe.
    tease. - teethe.
  • Thank you Gabriel for your promptly respond,

    it fell into place now,

      " Devoiced", is this a good explanation why I had difficulty in saying "th" when it's placed at the end of the word. ? Gabriel

    on the other hand ;

      A good pronunciation will be obtained when the picture could have been completed which  "linking and reducing" are the more important skills in order to make it enhanced. Isn't it Gabriel ? I mean, achievement is still far away  :))) Oh my God.......

  • Dear Selma,

    2385405624?profile=originalI’m glad you asked the question. Let me rephrase it so that the other learners will know what we two are talking about!

    “Is the ‘that the end of a word is pronounced the same as when it appears at the beginning and in the middle of a word?”

    We all know that the letter combination ‘th’ makes two different sounds, i.e. voiceless /θ/ and voiced /ð/. We also know that the vocal cords don’t vibrate for /θ/ but they do vibrate for /ð/. Well! Besides the terms ‘voiceless’ and ‘voiced’ used to describe these characteristics, there is one more term - ‘devoiced’. The term ‘devoiced’ is normally applicable to ‘voiced consonants’.

    What it means is, in layman’s terms, that a voiced consonant loses it’s ‘strength’ and becomes ‘weak’ at the end of a word – it is pronounced without the vibration of the vocal chords making it partly (or wholly) voiceless. 'Devoiced' applies to all voiced consonants! It’s a common thing in normal speech.

    I would like to remind here that I didn’t practise this in the above list of minimal pairs because I had to emphasize the /ð/ sound in order to make it clear so that you could distinguish this sound from the other sounds, especially /d/.

    My advice is one must often listen to well spoken English to get a clear picture of the whole idea. This is where the AudioPal TTS Tool comes in handy. Selma, please don’t hesitate to ask me if you have further queries. Thank you! Happy learning!!

    Regards,

    ~* GS *~

  • Hello Gabriel,

    I have a question, could you clarify me please ?

    While studying that pairs again, I need to be sure that if  "th" sound is at the end of words, should we pronounce it more slightly or less emphasis than the other positions ?

    Thank you in advance,

  • My dear teacher Gabriel,

    I can understand your busy, and I always respect your thoughtful in every words, every thing you do for your students include me, How can I blame you even a little bit? just don't know how to say enough Thank for you. I will keep up it, and singing every time I can, thanks for encourage me dear,

    I'm very glad for receiving your teaching and corrections. You are always wise in finding all of mistakes which are difficult for us to find out. 

    Yes, you are right! I have some difficult in pronounce the letter "S", I always confuse with "SH"... :)

    I will try to practice this weakness. Hope it will be better then.

    Thanks for taking your  precious time for correcting us. I appreciate your work, Just carry on it, don't worry about us. We are always beside you and pray for you, dear my teacher.

    I'm looking forward next session from you.

  • Dear Scarlett,

    2385400913?profile=originalHow are you? Hope you are doing fine! Thank you for all the messages you posted on my wall, my blog with your song and at Selma’s Karaoke Group. Please forgive me for not responding to them. I want you to know that it doesn’t mean I don’t reciprocate the thoughtfulness and kindness that you’d shown to me. You don't know how much I appreciate and treasure them. It's simply that I couldn’t find the time to write due to my tight schedule. I hope you understand my situation!

    Well! Time for evaluation!! You made a clear and precise sound of the voiceless consonant /θ/ and voiced consonant /ð/ in isolation. That satisfies the requirements. You read the sentence, paragraph and tongue-twister very well. In short, you have done another excellent assignment. Keep up the good work, girl ;-)

    By the way, I have a duty to tell you that sometimes you find it difficult to pronounce the letters’ appropriately, don’t you? Your ‘s/s/ as in ‘sock’ sounds like the ‘sh/ʃ/ sound as in ‘shock’. However, don’t worry about it right now, ok? Do you wanna know why? You see... the next study session, Study Session 8, is about the consonant pair /s/ as in ‘sue’ and /z/ as in ‘zoo’. The subsequent Study Session 9 is regarding the consonant pair /ʃ/ as in ‘shoe’ and /ʒ/ as in ‘beige’. You could easily overcome your problem with the help of the two study sessions that I just mentioned. Isn’t that a good news for you? I’ll see in Study Session 8, my dear!

    Kind Regards,

        ~* GS *~

  • Dear Gabriel,

    I like that term "SECOND NATURE" :))) and  I looked up in the dictionary ;" If something is second nature to you, you are so familiar with it that you can do it easily without needing to think very much about it ". 

    Thank you for teaching me the new things always, I try to deserve that explanation named above.

    Dear Charos and Scarlett and the others who work well.

     Listening to you is really enjoyable, congrats ! Sweet and soft voice and pure perfect reading.

    Happy Weekend !

    2385397516?profile=original

     * Hagia Sophia is a cathedral which was built in 537 by Justinian who was a Latin emperor,  placed in old peninsula of Istanbul. It serves now as a museum.

  • 025.gif Dear Selma,

    It’s heart-warming to see you being with me from day one. You are the one the others can look up for you illustrate a fine example of a learner with full of determination to achieve her goals. I feel very proud to be your friend! Thank you for supporting me in all my work!

    Now, let’s talk about your audio assignment for Lesson 7. It’s absolutely fantastic! Your /θ/ is easily distinguishable from the /t/ and so is the /ð/ from /d/. You have no problem at all reading the minimal pairs, sentence, paragraph and tongue-twister. Pronunciation seems second nature to you now. You are not having trouble getting your tongue around. That’s what I call “Great Achievement”.  Keep it up, dear!

    Warm Regards,

    ~* GS *~      

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